Search the California Content Standards

Standard:
Apply increasing understanding of language resources for referring the reader back or forward in text (e.g., how pronouns, synonyms, or nominalizations refer back to nouns in text) to comprehending texts and writing cohesive texts.

Standard:
Apply increasing understanding of how ideas, events, or reasons are linked throughout a text using an increasing variety of academic connecting and transitional words or phrases (e.g., consequently, specifically, however, moreover) to comprehending texts and writing cohesive texts.

Standard:
Combine clauses in a wide variety of ways (e.g., creating compound and complex sentences) to make connections between and join ideas, for example, to express a reason (e.g., He stayed at home on Sunday because he had an exam on Monday), to make a concession (e.g., She studied all night even though she wasn’t feeling well), or to link two ideas that happen at the same time (e.g., The students worked in groups while their teacher walked around the room).

Standard:
Condense ideas in a variety of ways (e.g., through various types of embedded clauses, ways of condensing, and nominalization as in, They destroyed the rain forest. Lots of animals died --- The destruction of the rain forest led to the death of many animals) to create precise and detailed sentences.

Standard:
Demonstrate active listening in oral presentation activities by asking and answering detailed questions, with minimal prompting and support.

Standard:
Explain ideas, phenomena, processes, and text relationships (e.g., compare/contrast, cause/effect, problem/solution) based on close reading of a variety of grade-level texts and viewing of multimedia, with light support.

Standard:
Express inferences and conclusions drawn based on close reading of grade-level texts and viewing multimedia using a variety of precise academic verbs (e.g., indicates that, influences).

Standard:
Use knowledge of morphology (e.g., affixes, roots, and base words), context, reference materials, and visual cues to determine the meaning, including figurative and connotative meanings, of unknown an multiple-meaning words on a variety of new topics.

Standard:
Explain how well writers and speakers use specific language resources to present ideas or support arguments and provide detailed evidence (e.g., identifying the specific language used to present ideas and claims that are well supported and distinguishing them from those that are not) when provided with light support.

Standard:
Explain how phrasing, different words with similar meaning (e.g., refined-respectful-polite-diplomatic), or figurative language (e.g., The wind whispered through the night) produce shades of meaning, nuances, and different effects on the audience.