Search the California Content Standards

Standard:
Explain how phrasing, different words with similar meaning (e.g., stingy, economical, frugal, thrifty), or figurative language (e.g., The room was depressed and gloomy. The room was like a dank cave, littered with food wrappers, soda cans, and piles of laundry) produce shades of meaning, nuances, and different effects on the audience.

Standard:
Explain how phrasing or different common words with similar meaning (e.g., choosing to use the word cheap versus the phrase a good saver) produce different effects on the audience.

Standard:
Expand noun phrases in an increasing variety of ways (e.g., adding comparative/ superlative and general academic adjectives to noun phrases or more complex clause embedding) in order to enrich the meaning of sentences and add details about ideas, people, things, and the like.

Standard:
Expand noun phrases in simple ways (e.g., adding a sensory adjective to a noun) in order to enrich the meaning of sentences and add details about ideas, people, things, and the like.

Standard:
Combine clauses in a wide variety of ways (e.g., creating compound and complex sentences) to make connections between and join ideas, for example, to express a reason (e.g., He stayed at home on Sunday because he had an exam on Monday), to make a concession (e.g., She studied all night even though she wasn’t feeling well), or to link two ideas that happen at the same time (e.g., The students worked in groups while their teacher walked around the room).

Standard:
Combine clauses in a few basic ways to make connections between and join ideas (e.g., creating compound sentences using and, but, so).

Standard:
Justify opinions or persuade others by providing detailed and relevant textual evidence or relevant background knowledge, with light support.

Standard:
Justify opinions by providing some textual evidence or relevant background knowledge, with substantial support.

Standard:
Express attitude and opinions or temper statements with nuanced modal expressions, (e.g., possibly/potentially/absolutely, should/might).

Standard:
Express attitude and opinions or temper statements with familiar modal expressions (e.g., can, may).