Search the California Content Standards

Standard:
Combine clauses in a few basic ways to make connections between and join ideas (e.g. You must X because X) or to provide evidence to support ideas or opinions (e.g., creating compound sentences using and, but, so).

Standard:
Combine clauses in an increasing variety of ways (e.g., creating compound and complex sentences) to make connections between and join ideas, for example, to express cause/effect (e.g., The deer ran because the mountain lion came), to make a concession (e.g., She studied all night even though she wasn’t feeling well), or to provide reasons to support ideas (e.g., X is an extremely good book because ___________).

Standard:
Justify opinions or persuade others by providing detailed and relevant textual evidence (e.g., quoting from the text directly or referring to specific textual evidence) or relevant background knowledge, with light support.

Standard:
Justify opinions by providing some textual evidence (e.g., quoting from the text) or relevant background knowledge, with substantial support.

Standard:
Justify opinions or persuade others by providing relevant textual evidence (e.g., quoting from the text or referring to what the text says) or relevant background knowledge, with moderate support.

Standard:
Express attitude and opinions or temper statements with nuanced modal expressions (e.g., probably/certainly/definitely, should/would, might) and phrasing (e.g., In my opinion. . . ).

Standard:
Express attitude and opinions or temper statements with some basic modal expressions (e.g., can, has to).

Standard:
Express attitude and opinions or temper statements with a variety of familiar modal expressions (e.g., maybe/probably, can/could, must).

Standard:
Apply increasing understanding of language resources for referring the reader back or forward in text (e.g., how pronouns, synonyms, or nominalizations refer back to nouns in text) to comprehending texts and writing cohesive texts.

Standard:
Apply basic understanding of language resources for referring the reader back or forward in text (e.g., how pronouns refer back to nouns in text) to comprehending texts and writing basic texts.