Search the California Content Standards

Cluster:
Understand place value.

Standard:
Compare two two-digit numbers based on meanings of the tens and ones digits, recording the results of comparisons with the symbols >, =, and <.

Cluster:
Use place value understanding and properties of operations to add and subtract.

Standard:
Add within 100, including adding a two-digit number and a one-digit number, and adding a two-digit number and a multiple of 10, using concrete models or drawings and strategies based on place value, properties of operations, and/or the relationship between addition and subtraction; relate the strategy to a written method and explain the reasoning used. Understand that in adding two-digit numbers, one adds tens and tens, ones and ones; and sometimes it is necessary to compose a ten.

Cluster:
Use place value understanding and properties of operations to add and subtract.

Standard:
Given a two-digit number, mentally find 10 more or 10 less than the number, without having to count; explain the reasoning used.

Cluster:
Use place value understanding and properties of operations to add and subtract.

Standard:
Subtract multiples of 10 in the range 10–90 from multiples of 10 in the range 10–90 (positive or zero differences), using concrete models or drawings and strategies based on place value, properties of operations, and/or the relationship between addition and subtraction; relate the strategy to a written method and explain the reasoning used.

Cluster:
Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.

Standard:
Use addition and subtraction within 20 to solve word problems involving situations of adding to, taking from, putting together, taking apart, and comparing, with unknowns in all positions, e.g., by using objects, drawings, and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem.

Footnote:
See Glossary, Table 1.

Cluster:
Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.

Standard:
Solve word problems that call for addition of three whole numbers whose sum is less than or equal to 20, e.g., by using objects, drawings, and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem.

Cluster:
Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Standard:
Apply properties of operations as strategies to add and subtract. Examples: If 8 + 3 = 11 is known, then 3 + 8 = 11 is also known. (Commutative property of addition.) To add 2 + 6 + 4, the second two numbers can be added to make a ten, so 2 + 6 + 4 = 2 + 10 = 12. (Associative property of addition.)

Footnote:
Students need not use formal terms for these properties.

Cluster:
Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Standard:
Understand subtraction as an unknown-addend problem. For example, subtract 10 – 8 by finding the number that makes 10 when added to 8.

Cluster:
Add and subtract within 20.

Standard:
Relate counting to addition and subtraction (e.g., by counting on 2 to add 2).

Cluster:
Add and subtract within 20.

Standard:
Add and subtract within 20, demonstrating fluency for addition and subtraction within 10. Use strategies such as counting on; making ten (e.g., 8 + 6 = 8 + 2 + 4 = 10 + 4 = 14); decomposing a number leading to a ten (e.g., 13 – 4 = 13 – 3 – 1 = 10 – 1 = 9); using the relationship between addition and subtraction (e.g., knowing that 8 + 4 = 12, one knows 12 – 8 = 4); and creating equivalent but easier or known sums (e.g., adding 6 + 7 by creating the known equivalent 6 + 6 + 1 = 12 + 1 = 13).