Search the California Content Standards

Cluster:
Perform arithmetic operations on polynomials. [Beyond quadratic]

Standard:
Understand that polynomials form a system analogous to the integers, namely, they are closed under the operations of addition, subtraction, and multiplication; add, subtract, and multiply polynomials.

Cluster:
Understand the relationship between zeros and factors of polynomials.

Standard:
Know and apply the Remainder Theorem: For a polynomial p(x) and a number a, the remainder on division by x – a is p(a), so p(a) = 0 if and only if (x – a) is a factor of p(x).

Cluster:
Understand the relationship between zeros and factors of polynomials.

Standard:
Identify zeros of polynomials when suitable factorizations are available, and use the zeros to construct a rough graph of the function defined by the polynomial.

Cluster:
Use polynomial identities to solve problems.

Standard:
Prove polynomial identities and use them to describe numerical relationships. For example, the polynomial identity (x^2 + y^2)2= (x^2 – y^2)^2 + (2xy)^2 can be used to generate Pythagorean triples.

Cluster:
Use polynomial identities to solve problems.

Standard:
(+) Know and apply the Binomial Theorem for the expansion of (x + y)^n in powers of x and y for a positive integer n, where x and y are any numbers, with coefficients determined for example by Pascal’s Triangle.

Footnote:
The Binomial Theorem can be proved by mathematical induction or by a combinatorial argument.

Cluster:
Rewrite rational expressions. [Linear and quadratic denominators]

Standard:
Rewrite simple rational expressions in different forms; write a(x)/b(x) in the form q(x) + r(x)/b(x), where a(x), b(x), q(x), and r(x) are polynomials with the degree of r(x) less than the degree of b(x), using inspection, long division, or, for the more complicated examples, a computer algebra system.

Cluster:
Rewrite rational expressions. [Linear and quadratic denominators]

Standard:
(+) Understand that rational expressions form a system analogous to the rational numbers, closed under addition, subtraction multiplication, and division by a nonzero rational expression; add, subtract, multiply, and divide rational expressions.

Cluster:
Translate between the geometric description and the equation for a conic section.

Standard:
Given a quadratic equation of the form ax^2 + by^2 + cx + dy + e = 0, use the method for completing the square to put the equation into standard form; identify whether the graph of the equation is a circle, ellipse, parabola, or hyperbola and graph the equation. [In Algebra II, this standard addresses only circles and parabolas.] CA

Cluster:
Perform arithmetic operations with complex numbers.

Standard:
Know there is a complex number i such that i^2 = −1, and every complex number has the form a + bi with a and b real.

Cluster:
Perform arithmetic operations with complex numbers.

Standard:
Use the relation i^2 = −1 and the commutative, associative, and distributive properties to add, subtract, and multiply complex numbers.