Search the California Content Standards

Cluster:
Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.

Standard:
Represent addition and subtraction with objects, fingers, mental images, drawings, sounds (e.g., claps), acting out situations, verbal explanations, expressions, or equations.

Footnote:
Drawings need not show details, but should show the mathematics in the problem. (This applies wherever drawings are mentioned in the Standards.)

Cluster:
Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.

Standard:
Solve addition and subtraction word problems, and add and subtract within 10, e.g., by using objects or drawings to represent the problem.

Cluster:
Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.

Standard:
Decompose numbers less than or equal to 10 into pairs in more than one way, e.g., by using objects or drawings, and record each decomposition by a drawing or equation (e.g., 5 = 2 + 3 and 5 = 4 + 1).

Cluster:
Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.

Standard:
For any number from 1 to 9, find the number that makes 10 when added to the given number, e.g., by using objects or drawings, and record the answer with a drawing or equation.

Cluster:
Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.

Standard:
Fluently add and subtract within 5.

Cluster:
Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.

Standard:
Use addition and subtraction within 20 to solve word problems involving situations of adding to, taking from, putting together, taking apart, and comparing, with unknowns in all positions, e.g., by using objects, drawings, and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem.

Footnote:
See Glossary, Table 1.

Cluster:
Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.

Standard:
Solve word problems that call for addition of three whole numbers whose sum is less than or equal to 20, e.g., by using objects, drawings, and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem.

Cluster:
Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Standard:
Apply properties of operations as strategies to add and subtract. Examples: If 8 + 3 = 11 is known, then 3 + 8 = 11 is also known. (Commutative property of addition.) To add 2 + 6 + 4, the second two numbers can be added to make a ten, so 2 + 6 + 4 = 2 + 10 = 12. (Associative property of addition.)

Footnote:
Students need not use formal terms for these properties.

Cluster:
Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Standard:
Understand subtraction as an unknown-addend problem. For example, subtract 10 – 8 by finding the number that makes 10 when added to 8.

Cluster:
Add and subtract within 20.

Standard:
Relate counting to addition and subtraction (e.g., by counting on 2 to add 2).