Search the California Content Standards

Standard:
Express attitude and opinions or temper statements with nuanced modal expressions (e.g., probably/certainly/definitely, should/would, might) and phrasing (e.g., In my opinion. . . ).

Standard:
Express attitude and opinions or temper statements with some basic modal expressions (e.g., can, has to).

Standard:
Express attitude and opinions or temper statements with a variety of familiar modal expressions (e.g., maybe/probably, can/could, must).

Standard:
Engage in extended written exchanges with peers and collaborate on complex written texts on a variety of topics, using technology when appropriate.

Standard:
Engage in short written exchanges with peers and collaborate on simple written texts on familiar topics, using technology when appropriate.

Standard:
Engage in long written exchanges with peers and collaborate on more detailed written texts on a variety of topics, using technology when appropriate.

Standard:
Explain how phrasing, different words with similar meaning (e.g., stingy, economical, frugal, thrifty), or figurative language (e.g., The room was depressed and gloomy. The room was like a dank cave, littered with food wrappers, soda cans, and piles of laundry) produce shades of meaning, nuances, and different effects on the audience.

Standard:
Explain how phrasing or different common words with similar meaning (e.g., choosing to use the word cheap versus the phrase a good saver) produce different effects on the audience.

Standard:
Explain how phrasing, different words with similar meaning (e.g., describing a character as stingy versus economical), or figurative language (e.g., The room was like a dank cave, littered with food wrappers, soda cans, and piles of laundry) produce shades of meaning and different effects on the audience.

Standard:
Combine clauses in a wide variety of ways (e.g., creating compound and complex sentences) to make connections between and join ideas, for example, to express a reason (e.g., He stayed at home on Sunday because he had an exam on Monday), to make a concession (e.g., She studied all night even though she wasn’t feeling well), or to link two ideas that happen at the same time (e.g., The students worked in groups while their teacher walked around the room).